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CARBON MONOXIDE

It is a colourless and odourless gas. It is charecterised by

• It is sparingly soluble in water (soluble in ethanol and benzene)
• It is combustible (burns with a pale blue flame) but does not support combustion
• Its density is 1.25
• It is nearly as heavy as air (VD = 14)
• Its melting point is -199^OC
• Boiling point is -191.5^OC
• It is extremely poisonous
• Neutral towards litmus
• Used as a reducing agent

PREPARATION

1. It can be prepared by the action of heat on oxalic acid mixed with Concentrated sulphuric acid.

H₂SO₄

H₂C₂O₄ è CO + CO₂

-H₂O

The carbon dioxide is removed by passing the gaseous mixture through caustic soda or caustic potash solution.

2. by the reduction of the oxides of heavy metals with carbon

Fe₂O₃ +3C è 2Fe + 3CO

ZnO + C è Zn + CO

3. by the reduction of Co2 with the help of red hot carbon, zinc dust or iron filings

CO₂ + C è 2CO

CO₂ + Zn è ZnO + CO

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

1. Reducing action

The reducing property of CO is utilised in the extraction of metals from their oxides

600 - 900 ^OC

Fe₂O₃ +3CO è 2Fe + 3CO₂

PbO + CO è Pb + CO₂

ZnO + CO è Zn + CO₂

2. It behaves as an addition product and gives addition products

150 - 400^OC

CO + 2H₂ è CH₃OH

ZnO + Cu

1.  

Sunlight or camphor

CO + Cl₂ è COCl₂

 

50^OC

4CO + Ni è Ni(CO)₄

this is a reversible reaction

180^OC

Ni(CO)_{4 è} 4CO + Ni

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