Calculus
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| Discuss Calculus The branch of mathematics dealing with two fundamental operations, differentiation and integration, which are carried out on functions.It analyzes aspects of change in processes or systems that can be modeled by functions. It allows precise calculation of rates of change and of the total amount of change in such a system. The derivative and the integral grew out of the idea of a limit, the logical extension of the concept of a function over smaller and smaller intervals. The relationship between differential calculus and integral calculus, known as the fundamental theorem of calculus, was discovered in the late 17th century independently by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Calculus was one of the major scientific breakthroughs of the modern era. The subject, as traditionally developed in college textbooks, is partly an elementary development of the purely theoretical aspects of these operations and their interrelation, partly a development of rules and formulas for applying calculus to the standard functions which arise in algebra and trigonometry (with exponentials and logarithms included), and partly a collection of applications to problems of geometry, physics, chemistry, engineering, economics, and perhaps a few other subjects.